This module is designed to extend students knowledge of differential and integral calculus and its applications to engineering problems.

1. Applydifferentiation techniques to solve a range of problems modelled bysingle and multivariable functions.

2. Formulate and evaluate integrals to find average values, areas, and volumes.

3. Solve first order separabledifferential equations arising from applied engineering problems.

4. Critique a peer’s work objectively and communicate constructive feedback orally and in writing.

5. Communicate their mathematical knowledge and reasoning both orally and in writing.

This module introduces pneumatic and electro-pneumatic technologies used to control machines. The student will study valves, actuators and all aspects of air production, conditioning and distribution. Electro-pneumatic circuits will be designed, simulated and built, including multi-actuator sequences. The student will specify and size components based on system requirements.

1. Outline the working principles of electro-pnuematic components.
2. Describe the components of pnuematic and hydraulics actuation.
3. Simulate, build and test basic and multi-actuator pneumatic and electro-pneumatic circuits.

4. Specify, size and select suitable pneumatic components for industrial applications

This module continues on from Anatomy and Physiology for Engineers I and examines the structure and function of the cardiovascular, respiratory, and musculoskeletal systems. What can happen to these systems through disease or injury is investigated. Also, devices to address these issues will be studied to highlight how biomedical engineers around the world contribute to the health of the human body.

1. Describe mechanisms in the human body to maintain homeostasis.

2. Describe the structures and mechanisms of the cardiovascular system to transport and exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide between blood and tissues.

3. Describe the structures and mechanisms of the respiratory system to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide between blood and air.

4. Explain the structure of the musculoskeletal system and how the human body moves.

5. Review international examples of how biomedical engineering devices address homeostatic imbalances in the human body.

The aim of this module is to provide the learner with a fundamental comprehension of fluid mechanics, the branch of mechanics associated with the static and dynamics of fluid flow. Fluid mechanics is fundamental to many industrial processes and device design. Starting from the definition of a fluid, learners build up their knowledge to describe, characterise and analyse the behaviour of steady fluids flows. Learners are introduced to the theoretical formulation of concepts of mass, momentum and energy conservation, as well as the application of such. The course is designed such that learners emerge with the tools and knowledge to solve real life problems relating to fluid flow.

1. Define, derive and manipulate the concepts of pressure, hydrostatic pressure and buoyancy. Apply principles to problem-solving involving same.

2. Describe the concept which underpins Reynolds Transport Theorem (Total and Convective derivative) and to be able to use both the flow continuity (i.e. law of mass conservation) and Bernoulli’s equation (i.e. law of energy conservation) to calculate (pressure, velocity and height) heads in a 1D flow.
3. Compile and report in a clear concise manner the findings of laboratory experiments concerning theoperation of flow measuring devices.

4. Describe the concept of inviscid flows and thereafter be able to use inviscid flow momentum theory to calculate forces exerted on both stationary and moving bodies by fluid flows.
5. Demonstrate an awareness of the Reynolds number, Laminar, Turbulent Flow, Hagen-Poiseuille Flow, Coutte Flow, Friction Factors, Darcy Equation and the entry length requirements for pipeline flow
6. Approximate pressure losses associated with friction and fittings in pipelines for both laminar and turbulent flows and be able to read Moody Diagrams to account for the relative roughness of a pipeline. Additionally the learner should be able to distinguish between minor and major losses

This module introduces students to techniques for solving second order differential equations. In addition, students are introduced to probabilistic and statistical analysis for engineering.

1. Recognise and solve second order differential equations and appreciate their role in the modelling of oscillations and vibrations.

2. Implement suitable analytic procedures in problems involving discrete and continuous random variables and probability distributions.

3. Performstatistical analysis with appropriate software and interpret the results.

4. Critique a peer’s work objectively and communicate constructive feedback orally and in writing.

5. Communicate their mathematical knowledge and reasoning both orally and in writing.

The student will analyse basic pneumatic/hydraulic manufacturing applications and develop automated solutions using Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC) technology. PLC ladder logic programmes will be designed, developed and tested.

1. Specify suitable components/sequences for industrial automated applications
2. Construct basic ladder logic programs using Boolean logic, I/O, timers, counters, relays, sequencing, etc.

3. Demonstate competence in wiring, programming and testing PLCs
4. Implement safety best practices in the design of automated systems, including specific Safety PLC hardware and devices/assemblies safety.

This module provides the student with the basics of stress and strain calculations for mechanical components subjected to point, distributed and thermal loading. Axial, bending and torsional loads are analysed. The module also includes an introduction to material properties and testing

1. Specify the fundamental and derived SI units employed in mechanic of solids.
2. Define and compute the mechanical stresses and strains on loaded components, rods, and pressure vessels
3. Complete and analyse the results of tensile, hardness, and other material tests
4. Compute the stresses and strains enduced by torsional loading and thermal expansion.
5. Determine the stresses and deflections of loaded flexural members

This module assesses commonly used medical diagnostic equipment and its application in providing in vivo clinical data for diagnosing various disease types, assisting in surgical procedures and device design. Also this module provides practical experience in generating three-dimensional anatomical virtual models from medical images and determining various geometrical, physiological and tissue characteristics.

1. Explain the working principals of commonly used medical diagnostic equipment and the factors which affect medical image quality and it’s affects on diagnostics.

2. Identify the ethical and environmental sustainability considerations associated with the acquisition of medical data

3. Distinguish between various anatomical structures based on medical image datasets.
4. Generate three-dimensional anatomical virtual and physical models from medical image datasets using image segmentation software and rapid prototyping

5. Analyse tissue structure, function and blood flow patterns using X-Rays and Ultrasound within phantom models.

This module introduces the fundamentals of engineering mechanics to the learner (i.e. Newton's Laws of Motion, Energy, Work, Linear and Angular Momentum), and aims to build the learners engineering confidence by showing the learner analytical methods which can be used to solve everyday engineering problems. Students are expected to attend lectures and to participate in problem-solving in tutorials. The tutorials are designed to engage the learner and to show them how to implement, the universally accepted methods described in the lectures.

1. Construct Free Body Diagrams of real world problems, and thereafter apply Newton’s Law of Motion and vector operations to evaluate equilibrium of particles andbodies.

2. Applying the principles of equilibrium to analyse the internal forces acting on planar trusses, frames and machines.

3. Discuss the concepts of centroids of lines, area and volume, and compute their location for bodies of arbitrary shape. Thereafter,the learners should be able to apply this learning to handle distributed loads.

4. Analyse basic engineering problems relating to the kinematics of particles using different coordinate systems (i.e. Cartesian, n-t and cylindrical), and solve engineering problems which are time dependent (i.e. Relative Position, Velocity and Acceleration).

5. Represent and analyse practical engineering problems (i.e. Force, Energy, and Momentum) related to the kinetics of particles by drawing FBD’s and using:

Newton’s Laws of Motion,
Principle of Work and Energy
The Conservation of Linear Momentum.
The Conservation of Angular Momentum

This module will deal with the Quality Assurance systems and quality management principles needed in manufacturing and service organisations.

This course will provide students with an in-depth understanding of the regulations and regulatory agencies that are specific to the medical devices industry. The course will cover both European Union (EU) and US regulations and related agencies. Topics will include the laws covering the regulation of medical devices, regulations related to the development, manufacturing and approval of medical devices, regulatory agencies and bodies responsible for implementing the regulations, how the regulations affect the marketing of medical devices.

1. Discuss and compare philosophies and new trends in quality management and their place in today’s manufacturing and service environments including Total Quality Manageemnt (TQM)
2. Analyse and apply a range of statistical tools to measure quality. Select appropriate methodologies of quality improvement and apply various tools and techniques for analysis of quality.
3. Describe the functions of the GMP, EU and US authorities, departments, agencies and other bodies responsible for developing and implementing the laws and associated regulations for Quality and medical devices industry.
4. Descibe the EU and US regulatory requirements that affect the development, manufacturing and quality of medical devices.
5. Determine the classification of a medical device.
6. Decide if an adverse event should be reported and if so describe the correct reporting procedure.

The student will be introduced to the standards, tools, methodologies and techniques of project management. The student will complete a remote minor group project to an international standard.

1. Apply the principles and methodologies of project management to their specialist discipline.
2. Apply project management techniques and systems in their specialist discipline.
3. Describe the complexities of forming and manging project teams.

4. Demonstrate an ability to structure, schedule, manage and close a project.

5. Apply engineering and project management techniques to real problems in industry or laboratory settings
6. Show an ability to effectively communicate through presentations and reports on the scope, planning and implementation of a project.

The student will configure and program 2 controllers commonly used in industrial to control processes: An All-in-One Controller which features PLC ladder logic, a graphical used interface and digital & analog I/O interfaces A PID Temperature Controller

The characteristics and principles of operation of electrical, electronic and mechanical sensors/actuators are investigated. Concepts such as feedback, steady state error, disturbances, ON/OFF controllers, proportional, integral and derivative controllers will be examined to show that proper control system design leads to systems that are efficiently and adequately controlled.

1. Identify the operation andcharacteristicsof sensors and actuators, including their required signal conditioning and digital interfacing.

2. Configure and program Operator Control Systems to read sensors, display information on a HMI, and control output devices.

3. Analyse various control concepts including open loop, closed loop, relays, motor control, sequential control, process control, PID control.
4. Program PID Temperature Controllers for applications which require ON/OFF control, continuous modulated control etc.

This module introduces the student to fully automated control systems. Through both theoretical and practical training, the student studies robotics and vision systems. Robotics:

Investigating robotic capability, technology and anatomy. Development and execution of robotic programmes using standard robotic language. Practical training using 6 axis robots. Vision systems

Exploring typical application areas of vision systems, as well as general machine vision information. Practical training setting up visions system

Furthermore, the student will investigate how to integrate these with additional sensors/actuators to design fully automated manufacturing cells.

1. Describe the industrial uses, feasibility and cost effectiveness of robotic systems.

2. Definerobotics technology and anatomy.

3. Develop and simulate robotic programs.

4. Describe the industrial uses and principlesof a vision system.

5. Set-up a machine vision system.

Machine Design is the branch of engineering mechanics relating to the study of engineering stresses and strains in mechanical systems. A part or component of a machine fail when the stress induced by either the static and dynamic loading exceed its allowable stiffness or strength. This module presents the engineering fundamentals necessary to analyse static and/or fatigue stresses.

1. Construct Shear Force Distribution (SFD) and Bending Moment Distribution (BMD) diagrams to calculate maximum flexure stresses present in bending beams under a variety of loading conditions

2. Calculate the principal and shear stresses and their directions on a stress element subjected to a bi-axial stress system.

3. Construct Mohr’s circle of stressfor bi-axial load systems.

4. Design mechanical components subjected to static loading and predict failure based on different failure theories for ductile materials (such as Maximum Normal Stress Theory, Maximum Shear Stress Theory and Distortion Energy Theory) and brittle materials (such asRankine Theory and Mohr Hypothesis).

5. Apply the laws of Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics (LEFM) topredict failure.

6. Calculate the fatigue life of a structural element subjected to sinusoidally varying loads (e.g. bending, torsional, axial)

7. Analyse the effect of different types of stress concentrations on a component’s (1) ability to withstand static loads and (2) service life under fatigue loading

8. Design mechanical and machine components (e.g. screws, bolts, gaskets, fasteners, springs, bearings and shafts) which are to be subjected to static and fatigue loading

An introduction to Lean Six Sigma, which will both explain the concepts and use of the techniques. Students will be introduced to the statistical concepts and tools used in Six Sigma

1. Explain the DMAIC steps in Six Sigma. Describe lean engineering, Six Sigma and the Theory of Constrains. Describe the origins and ethical considerations of Lean and Six sigma.
2. Use ‘Define’ phase tools to decide on the process improvement of a Six Sigma project
3. Determine the current performance using a variety of ‘Measure’ tools
4. Use the ‘Analyse’ tools, including inferential statistics to determine the issues to be addressed.
5. Use the ‘Improve’ tools, to experiment and assess the process optimisation.
6. ‘Control’ the process to verify the variances are corrected, select appropriate statistical process control (SPC) techniques.

This module is concerned with applying engineering principals in describing the structure and function of soft tissues within the human body. In particular the structure and function of soft tissues within the cardiovascular and respiratory systems will be examined. The application of fluid/solid mechanics and mass transport will be applied in describing the biomechanics of soft tissue. This module is core for a career within a medical device company or as a clinical engineer within a hospital environment.

1. Specify the hemodyanamic effects that occurs within the cardiovascular and respiratory systems and its effects on homeostasis.
2. Formulate solutions based on the application of fluid and solid mechanics principals in describing the workings of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems.

3. Apply constitutive equations to describe the mechanical behaviour of blood and soft tissues

4. Determine the distribution of nutrients and metabolic wastes that occur within the cardiovascular and respiratory systems.

5. Compile and present a review paper on a given soft tissue disease

This module provides introduction to muscular-skeletal anatomy and the principles of tissue biomechanics. The course applies and develops concepts from basic anatomy, statics, materials and mechanics of materials. The student will receive an overview of musculoskeletal anatomy, the mechanical properties and structural behaviour of biological tissues, in particular bone, cartilage and muscle. This course leads into a fourth year course on medical device design for hard tissues. It will provide a foundation for careers as design engineers in medical device companies, or as clinical engineers in the hospital environment.

1. Identify the appropriate elastic/viscoelastic model for the mechanical behaviour of a given biological tissue.
2. Identify relationships between structure and function in tissues and the importance of these relationships.
3. Comprehend and describe the general characteristics, material properties, appropriate constitutive model, and adaptation potential for tissues studied.
4. Analyse the stresses and strains in biological tissues, given the loading conditions and material properties.
5. Model, simulate and predict the mechanical behaviour of hard tissues and be able to explain the effects of degenerative diseases on these properties.

This module describes the fundamental characteristics of biomaterials commonly used for medical applications. This course addresses the fundamental properties and applications of biomaterials (synthetic and natural) that are used in contact with biological systems. The understanding of biomaterials encompasses fundamental knowledge of medicine, biology, chemistry and material science. The module provides a concise introduction to the microstructures and processing of materials (metals, ceramics, polymers and composites) and shows how these are related to the properties required in engineering design, as well as instrumented analytical methods used to quantify such relationships. In addition students will gain an appreciation for soft tissue replacement materials in current use as well as an understanding of materials selection and design requirements for hard and soft tissue replacement applications. The advantages and limitations on the application of a biomaterial type for a particular situation are examined and explored.

1. Describe biocompatibility, sterilisation, and the issues associated with the immune and tissue responses of biomaterials.
2. Identify the bonds within biomedical materials
3. Categorise the various types of biomaterials
4. Assess drug delivery systems
5. Evaluate the characteristics of biomaterials based on various scanning technologies
6. Select the optimum biomaterial types for a particular medical application

Prior to Work Experience this module will develop the learner professionally and personally and equip them with the skills and knowledge to enable them to secure a work placement. Learners will gain knowledge and skills in relation to the recruitment and selection process by refining their Cvs' and completing mock interviews prior to commencing in the workplace.

During Work Experience this module allows the learner to put the engineering knowledge, skills, tools and techniques acquired in their Manufacturing engineering / Biomedical programme into practice within a working environment.

1. Analyse personal skills and characteristics and develop a CV related to Work Experience career strategy.

2. Present and articulate their skills and experience professionally in an interview situation.

3. Apply the engineering knowledge, tools and theory, learned on their chosen programme to the solution of broadly defined engineering problems.

4. Demonstrate an understanding oftheir role as an engineer Industry byoperating as an effective team member.

5. Solve assigned engineering problems in a methodical, proactive and creative manner, with minimum supervision.

6. Apply Project Management skills to manage his or her time and projects.
7. Report their work clearly in written and in oral format.
8. Apply theEngineers Ireland Code of Ethics

9. Reflect on their practice and propose improvements.